Hi @viscous
Has the phone been dropped or gotten wet at all?
Here's the [https://www.manualslib.com/manual/834247/Samsung-Gt-I9500.html?page=41#manual|charging troubleshooting flowchart] from the service manual.
Follow the flowchart to see how far you get through the flowchart.
There are board layout diagrams on p.34→35 showing where all the components are located.
It may be easier to download the manual and view it in your browser, then you can use the search function of your browser to find them more easily i.e. search for the component ID. It also allows you to zoom in further as well.
There is also a parts list so if you find a part that is faulty and needs replacing search online for ''Samsung (insert part number)'' to find suppliers that suit you best.